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A child’s fever is one of the most common reasons parents reach for a thermometer at 2 a.m. Most fevers are the body’s normal response to infection, but a few situations need prompt medical attention. Here’s how to tell the difference.
This is general guidance, not a substitute for medical advice. Trust your instincts: how your child looks and behaves often matters more than the exact number. When in doubt, call your pediatrician or nurse line.

What temperature counts as a fever?

A fever is generally a temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher. The most accurate method varies by age, and a forehead or ear thermometer is convenient for children. See our fever guide for measurement methods and our accurate temperature guide for technique.

Why does age matter so much with fever?

The younger the child, the lower the threshold for concern:
  • Under 3 months: any rectal temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher is a reason to call the doctor right away, even if the baby seems well.
  • 3–6 months: call for a fever, especially if the baby is fussy, lethargic, or feeding poorly.
  • Older infants and children: the number matters less than how they look and act.

When should I call the doctor or seek urgent care?

Contact your pediatrician promptly, or seek urgent care, if your child has:
  • A fever in a baby under 3 months (see above)
  • A fever above 104°F (40°C), or one that won’t come down
  • A fever lasting more than a few days
  • A stiff neck, severe headache, trouble breathing, a rash that doesn’t fade with pressure, or a seizure
  • Signs of dehydration, unusual drowsiness, or difficulty waking
Call emergency services for a child who is very hard to wake, struggling to breathe, has blue lips, a non-blanching rash, a stiff neck with fever, or a seizure. A thermometer measures temperature only — it is not a diagnosis.

How can I keep my child comfortable?

Offer fluids, dress them lightly, and let them rest. Fever-reducing medications can help comfort (not “cure”) — use age- and weight-appropriate dosing per the label or your pediatrician, and never give aspirin to children. Recheck the temperature periodically and watch the overall picture.

Why do readings sometimes differ?

Forehead and ear readings can vary with technique, a sweaty forehead, or going between hot and cold environments. Re-take following the accurate technique guide, and track the trend rather than fixating on one number. Related: Fever Guide · How to Take an Accurate Temperature